How Do Federal Crime Investigations Work?

 Posted on April 09, 2024 in Criminal Defense

Federal crime investigations are complex processes that involve multiple agencies and strict adherence to legal procedures. In Texas, federal law enforcement agencies such as the FBI, DEA, and ICE work together to investigate and prosecute crimes that fall under federal jurisdiction. A Texas lawyer can help you explore the key aspects of your specific federal crime investigation.

The Initiation of a Federal Investigation

Various factors, such as the following, can trigger federal investigations:

• Reports from victims or witnesses.
• Referrals from state or local law enforcement agencies.
• Information gathered by federal agencies through their own intelligence efforts.
• Grand jury subpoenas or indictments.

Once a potential federal crime is identified, the appropriate federal agency will begin its investigation.

The Role of Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

Depending on the nature of the alleged crime, different federal agencies may take the lead in the investigation. For example:

• The FBI investigates a wide range of federal crimes, including terrorism, cybercrime, and public corruption.
• The DEA focuses on drug-related offenses, such as drug trafficking and manufacturing.
• ICE investigates immigration-related crimes, like human trafficking and document fraud.

These agencies work together with state and local law enforcement to gather evidence, interview witnesses, and build a case against the suspect(s).

The Importance of Probable Cause

Federal law enforcement must have probable cause to conduct searches, seize property, or make arrests. Probable cause means there is sufficient evidence to believe that a crime has been committed and that the suspect(s) was involved. This requirement is based on the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. In Texas, federal agents must adhere to federal and state laws when establishing probable cause and conducting investigations.

The Use of Grand Juries

Federal prosecutors often use grand juries to investigate potential crimes and decide whether to bring charges against a suspect. A grand jury is a group of citizens who hear evidence presented by prosecutors and determine if there is probable cause to believe a crime has been committed. In Texas, federal grand juries are composed of 16 to 23 members, and their proceedings are kept secret to protect the integrity of the investigation and the privacy of those involved.

The Prosecution of Federal Crimes

If a federal investigation leads to an indictment, the U.S. Attorney’s Office will prosecute the case in the appropriate federal district court. Texas has four federal districts: Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western.

Federal prosecutors must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt to secure a conviction. Defendants in federal cases have the right to legal representation, and if they cannot afford an attorney, the court will appoint one for them.

Contact a Texas Criminal Defense Lawyer

Should you or someone you know be subject to a federal investigation in Texas, it is imperative to consult with a Texas criminal defense attorney who is well-versed in the intricacies of the federal legal system and can protect your rights during the proceedings. Call The Crowder Law Firm, P.C. at 214-544-0061 for a free consultation with a knowledgeable and aggressive lawyer who will have your back.